Challenges And Issues in Teacher Education in India

सार

Indian teacher education programs face a crucial moment which requires their decision about which direction to take. The education system in India ranks among the largest educational systems worldwide because it contains more than 1.5 million schools and 9.6 million teachers yet its teacher preparation results show major deficiencies due to various structural and institutional as well as pedagogical barriers. This paper presents an extensive analysis of the primary challenges which Indian teacher education programs experience which include the development of insufficient training facilities and their use of outdated teaching materials as well as their digital accessibility challenges and their deficient field training programs and their gradual adoption process for the National Education Policy 2020. The study uses secondary data along with policy documents and NCTE reports and academic literature to determine ten main obstacles while presenting research-based solutions for these problems. The paper argues that meaningful reform requires a multi-pronged approach which includes regulatory enforcement and curriculum modernization and school-university partnership development and ongoing professional development funding. The study evaluates the transformative potential of the newly introduced four-year Integrated Teacher Education Programme (ITEP) through this framework.